POLA EKSPRESI GEN pal1, chs7, DAN chi1b1 PADA TAHAP PERTUMBUHAN VARIETAS LOKAL DAUN KEDELAI HITAM (Glycine max (L) Merr.)
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Abstract
Isoflavon merupakan senyawa fitokimia yang berperan dalam mekanisme pertahanan tanaman dan memiliki manfaat untuk kesehatan. Beberapa gen telah diketahui berperan dalam biosintesis isoflavon, diantaranya, yaitu: gen pal1, chs7 dan chi1b1. Namun demikian, pola ekspresi gen tersebut belum diketahui dengan baik pada varietas kedelai hitam (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). Studi pola ekspresi gen ini diharapkan dapat dijadikan sebagai studi pendahuluan metabolisme isoflavon. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan pola ekspresi gen yang berperan penting pada produksi isoflavon di varietas UP 106, UP 115, UP 122, dan UP 157 pada kedelai hitam. Penelitian ini terdiri dari 5 tahap; pengambilan sampel daun pada tahap V3, R2, R5, R6, dan R7; isolasi RNA total; sintesis cDNA; konfirmasi dengan sekuensing; dan PCR kuantitatif. Pada penelitian ini, gen yang diisolasi adalah pal1, chs7, dan chi1b1. Hasil penelitian pada keempat varietas menunjukkan pada daun kedelai hitam, ekspresi gen pal1 bervariasi selama tahap perkembangan, sementara ekspresi gen chs7 menunjukan kecenderungan peningkatan ekspresi gen selama tahap pertumbuhan dan gen chi1b1menunjukkan peningkatan pada tahap awal reproduktif namun menurun di tahap akhir. Pola ekspresi masing-masing gen ini kemungkinan disebabkan oleh faktor tranksripsi yang khas berkaitan dengan masing-masing tahap pertumbuhan kedelai hitam.
Kata kunci: isoflavon, kedelai hitam , pal1, chs7, chi1b1
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