Modeling of HDI and Its Influencing Factor in East Java Province

Abstract

The overall quality of human development in Indonesia is shaped by various social and economic
factors. In East Java, the Human Development Index (HDI) has consistently risen from 2018 to 2022.
This study explores the impact of poverty, unemployment, health, and economic growth on the HDI of
East Java Province. Employing a quantitative approach with an associative method, the research
utilizes secondary data officially provided by the Central Statistics Agency (BPS). Panel data regression
analysis is conducted to examine the relationship between the selected variables and HDI. The results
indicate that, as a whole, poverty, unemployment, health, and economic growth significantly and
positively influence East Java’s HDI. However, when analyzed separately, poverty does not show a
significant effect. In contrast, unemployment, health, and economic growth each contribute positively
and significantly to HDI improvement. These findings highlight the critical role of economic and social
factors in advancing human development. Reducing unemployment and improving health services,
alongside sustainable economic growth, can enhance HDI in East Java. Policymakers should focus on
strategies that support job creation, improve healthcare access, and promote economic stability to drive
overall human development. Strengthening these aspects will contribute to long-term improvements in
the region’s HDI.